Cisco交换机升级IOS的具体方法
Cisco交换机的IOS升级,其实挺简单的,但是需要注意的是,不能让交换机flash存储为空,一定要有一个IOS在,否则没有IOS在flash里面,等着用xmodem上传IOS吧,那样你的时间可以是废了很多啊。因为对于Cisco Catalyst 2950、2960、3550交换机丢失IOS或IOS故障时,是无法使用rommon模式的,因为压根儿就没有,只有Cisco Catalyst 4006、4506才有rommon模式,本篇文章以Cisco Catalyst 2950为例。
1、首先下载TFTP Server,如何使用这里就不多说了,不明白的可以看这里,进入特权模式,配置端口ip,以便交换机与tftp服务器相连接。
- Switch>en ——进入特权模式
- Switch#conf t ——进入全局配置模式
- Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
- Switch(config)#int vlan 1 ——进入端口vlan 1
- Switch(config-if)#ip add 10.0.23.112 255.255.255.0 ——-配置vlan 1的ip地址为10.0.23.112
2、测试一下tftp服务器与交换机之间的网络连接是否畅通,畅通后,我们在交换机下查看flash情况。
- Switch#show flash: ——-显示flash下的信息
- Directory of flash:/
- 2 -rwx 3122176 Mar 01 1993 00:34:02 +00:00c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-22.EA9 ——–现在所使用的IOS文件
- .bin
- 3 -rwx 5 Mar 01 1993 00:01:17 +00:00 private-config.text
- 5 -rwx 1148 Mar 01 1993 00:01:17 +00:00 config.text
- 7741440 bytes total (4616192 bytes free)
3、上传新的IOS文件到交换机的flash存储中。将新的交换机IOS文件放入tftp服务器的根目录下。如果复制过程中出现not enough spaces提示,请先删除原来的IOS文件,如何删除IOS文件这里就不再提了,请访问这里参阅。
- Switch#copy tftp flash: ——-从tftp拷贝文件到flash存储中
- Address or name of remote host []? 10.0.23.4 ——tftp服务器ip地址
- Source filename []? c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin ——–要从tftp服务器中拷贝的文件名称
- Destination filename [c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin]? ——–保存到flash中的文件名称,可以直接回车
- Accessing tftp://10.0.23.4/c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin…
- Loading c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin from 10.0.23.4 (via Vlan1):!!!!!!!!!!
- 3722814 bytes copied in 87.708 secs (42446bytes/sec)
4、此时在我的交换机flash存储中就有了两个IOS文件,如果由于flash空间造成的只有一个新的IOS文件,默认重启是会自动加载新的IOS文件,直至正常启动,配置不会丢失,如果有两个IOS文件,此时我们就需要进行手动加载新的IOS设置。先把交换机断电,按住交换机的“mode”按钮,通常在交换机的正面,加电,此时不要松开“mode”按钮,会进入以下模式。
- C2950 Boot Loader (C2950-HBOOT-M) Version 12.1(11r)EA1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
- Compiled Mon 22-Jul-02 18:57 by antonino
- WS-C2950-24 starting…
- Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:07:eb:85:0a:40
- Xmodem file system is available.
- The system has been interrupted prior toinitializing the
- flash filesystem. The following commands will initialize
- the flash filesystem, and finish loading the operating
- system software:
- flash_init
- load_helper
- boot
- switch:
5、配置初始化flash
- switch: flash_init ——初始化flash
- Initializing Flash…
- flashfs[0]: 4 files, 1 directories
- flashfs[0]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
- flashfs[0]: Total bytes: 7741440
- flashfs[0]: Bytes used: 6848512
- flashfs[0]: Bytes available: 892928
- flashfs[0]: flashfs fsck took 8 seconds.
- …done initializing flash.
- Boot Sector Filesystem (bs:) installed, fsid: 3
- Parameter Block Filesystem (pb:) installed, fsid: 4
- switch: dir flash: ——-显示flash下的文件
- Directory of flash:/
- 2 -rwx3122176 c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-22.EA9.bin
- 3 -rwx 5 private-config.text
- 4 -rwx 3722814 c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin
- 5 -rwx 1148 config.text
- 892928 bytes available (6848512 bytes used)
- switch: boot flash:c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin ———指定新的IOS文件启动。
6、回车后加载新的IOS文件,直至进入系统。
- Loading “flash:c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin”…############################
- File“flash:c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-22.EA14.bin” uncompressed and installed, entry
- point: 0x80010000
- executing…
- Restricted Rights Legend
- Use, duplication, or disclosure by theGovernment is
- subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
- (c) of the Commercial Computer Software – Restricted
- Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
- (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
- Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
- cisco Systems, Inc.
- 170 West Tasman Drive
- San Jose, California 95134-1706
- Cisco Internetwork Operating SystemSoftware
- IOS C2950 Software (C2950-I6K2L2Q4-M), Version 12.1(22)EA14, RELEASE SOFTWA
- RE (fc1)
- Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
- Copyright (c) 1986-2010 by cisco Systems, Inc.
- Compiled Tue 26-Oct-10 10:35 by nburra
- Image text-base: 0x80010000, data-base: 0x80680000
- Initializing flashfs…
- flashfs[1]: 4 files, 1 directories
- flashfs[1]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
- flashfs[1]: Total bytes: 7741440
- flashfs[1]: Bytes used: 6848512
- flashfs[1]: Bytes available: 892928
- flashfs[1]: flashfs fsck took 8 seconds.
- flashfs[1]: Initialization complete.
- Done initializing flashfs.
- POST: System Board Test : Passed
- POST: Ethernet Controller Test : Passed
- ASIC Initialization Passed
- POST: FRONT-END LOOPBACK TEST : Passed
- This product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United
- States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and
- use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply
- third-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption.
- Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible for
- compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you
- agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable
- to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.
- A summary of U.S. laws governing Ciscocryptographic products may be found at:
- http://www.cisco.com/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html
- If you require further assistance pleasecontact us by sending email to
- export@cisco.com.
- cisco WS-C2950-24 (RC32300) processor(revision B0) with 19911K bytes of memory.
- Processor board ID FOC0545X02G
- Last reset from system-reset
- Running Standard Image
- 24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
- 32K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatileconfiguration memory.
- Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:07:EB:85:0A:40
- Motherboard assembly number: 73-5781-08
- Power supply part number: 34-0965-01
- Motherboard serial number: FOC0545034T
- Power supply serial number: PHI054201CT
- Model revision number: B0
- Model number: WS-C2950-24
- System serial number: FOC0545X02G
- PressRETURN to get started!
7、安装成功后,查看配置,一般都不会丢失,如果没有什么问题,就可以删除之前的IOS文件了。
- Switch#delete flash:
- Delete filename []? c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-22.EA9.bin
- Delete flash:c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-22.EA9.bin? [confirm]
大功告成,切记在没有IOS的情况下不要重启交换机,那样就只能用xmodem上传IOS了,很是费时间的差事。