【思科】IS-IS基本配置、重发布实验
简介:IS-IS协议同标准协议OSPF一样,是一种链路状态动态路由协议,但是它比ospf做了很多优化,减少了路由类型、LSA的泛洪,在现网中的应用也十分的广泛。
实验拓扑:(略)
实验目的:
1.在R1—R5上运行IS-IS协议,R1-R6上运行RIPv2协议。
2.进行路由重发布,实现R5、R6互通。
3.实现域间和外部路由汇总。
实验步骤:1.在R1到R6上做基本配置,以及环回口。(略)
2.运行IS-IS协议和RIP协议。
- R1(config)#router isis
- R1(config-router)#net 49.0001.0001.0001.0001.00 //指定NSAP地址,相当于router ID
- R1(config-router)#ex
- R1(config)#int range f0/0 ,l0
- R1(config-if-range)#ip router isis //进接口后宣告该接口下的网段
- R2(config)#router isis
- R2(config-router)#net 49.0001.0002.0002.0002.00
- R2(config-router)#ex
- R2(config)#int range f0/0 -1 ,l0
- R2(config-if-range)#ip router isis
- R3(config)#router isis
- R3(config-router)#net 49.0000.0003.0003.0003.00
- R3(config-router)#ex
- R3(config)#int range f0/0 -1 ,l0
- R3(config-if-range)#ip router isis
- R4(config)#router isis
- R4(config-router)#net 49.0000.0004.0004.0004.00
- R4(config-router)#ex
- R4(config)#int range f0/0 -1 ,l0
- R4(config-if-range)#ip router isis
- R5(config)#router isis
- R5(config-router)#net 49.0002.0005.0005.0005.00
- R5(config-router)#ex
- R5(config)#int range f0/1 ,l0
- R5(config-if-range)#ip router isis
- R1(config)#router rip
- R1(config-router)#version 2
- R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
- R1(config-router)#network 16.0.0.0
- R6#conf t http://www.19216811.la/
- Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
- R6(config)#router rip
- R6(config-router)#version 2
- R6(config-router)#no auto-summary
- R6(config-router)#network 16.0.0.0
- R6(config-router)#network 6.6.6.6
可以对IS-IS协议作一些优化,由于ISIS协议路由器默认使用的选择级别是level 1-2,会同时发送两种LSP,这是没有必要的,十分浪费路由资源。
将R1改为level 1
R1(config)#router isis
R1(config-router)#is-type level-1 //修改路由器的路由选择级别
将R3,R4改为level 2
R3(config)#router isis
R3(config-router)#is-type level-2
R4(config)#router isis
R4(config-router)#is-type level-2
将R5的f0/1接口改为level 2
R5#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R5(config)#int f0/1
R5(config-if)#isis circuit-type level-2-only //修改接口的选择级别
3.路由重发布
- R1(config)#router isis
- R1(config-router)#redistribute rip ?
- level-1 IS-IS level-1 routes only
- level-1-2 IS-IS level-1 and level-2 routes
- level-2 IS-IS level-2 routes only
- metric Metric for redistributed routes
- metric-type OSPF/IS-IS exterior metric type for redistributed routes
- route-map Route map reference
- <cr>
- R1(config-router)#redistribute rip level-1
- R1(config-router)#ex
- R1(config)#router rip
- R1(config-router)#redistribute isis ?
- WORD ISO routing area tag
- level-1 IS-IS level-1 routes only
- level-1-2 IS-IS level-1 and level-2 routes
- level-2 IS-IS level-2 routes only
- metric Metric for redistributed routes
- route-map Route map reference
- <cr>
- R1(config-router)#redistribute isis level-1 metric 2
查看一下R5的路由表
- R5#show ip route
- ....
- 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 34.0.0.0 [115/20] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 16.0.0.0 [115/40] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 1.1.1.1 [115/50] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 2.2.2.0 [115/40] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 3.3.3.3 [115/30] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 4.4.4.4 [115/20] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 6.6.6.6 [115/40] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 23.0.0.0 [115/30] via 45.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
- 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 45.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
测试一下R5能否连通R6
- R5#p 6.6.6.6
- Type escape sequence to abort.
- Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6, timeout is 2 seconds:
- !!!!!
- Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 88/122/140 ms
可见,R5已经学习到R6的路由了。
4.域间路由汇总和外部路由汇总
假设在R5上有4条路由,192.168.0.1-192.168.3.1
可以在R5上进行汇总
R5(config)#router isis
R5(config-router)#summary-address 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0
这时候,在R4上面查看路由表会发现一条汇总路由
- R4#show ip r
- *Mar 1 01:09:31.227: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
- R4#show ip route
- ....
- 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 34.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
- 16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 16.0.0.0 [115/30] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 1.1.1.1 [115/40] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 2.2.2.0 [115/30] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 3.3.3.3 [115/20] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 5.5.5.5 [115/20] via 45.0.0.5, FastEthernet0/0
- 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 6.6.6.6 [115/30] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 23.0.0.0 [115/20] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 12.0.0.0 [115/30] via 34.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/1
- 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 45.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
- i L2 192.168.0.0/22 [115/20] via 45.0.0.5, FastEthernet0/0
这样可以节省路由器的资源。
同样的,假设在R6上有4条路由172.16.0.1-172.16.3.1
可以在R1上进行路由汇总
R1(config)#router isis
R1(config-router)#summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0 level-1
注意:在对外部路由进行汇总的时候,最后要加上level-x ,否则无效
在R2上查看一下路由汇总是否生效。
- R2#show ip route
- .....
- 34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 34.0.0.0 [115/20] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
- 16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L1 16.0.0.0 [115/10] via 12.0.0.1, FastEthernet0/1
- 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L1 1.1.1.1 [115/20] via 12.0.0.1, FastEthernet0/1
- 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
- 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 3.3.3.3 [115/20] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
- 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 4.4.4.4 [115/30] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
- 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 5.5.5.5 [115/40] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
- 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L1 6.6.6.6 [115/10] via 12.0.0.1, FastEthernet0/1
- 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 23.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
- 172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L1 172.16.0.0 [115/10] via 12.0.0.1, FastEthernet0/1
- 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- C 12.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
- 45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
- i L2 45.0.0.0 [115/30] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
- i L2 192.168.0.0/22 [115/40] via 23.0.0.3, FastEthernet0/0
汇总完毕,实验结束。